航天醫學

       航(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)醫(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)是空間生(sheng)命(ming)科學(xue)(xue)中(zhong)的(de)應(ying)用學(xue)(xue)科，它包括(kuo)了航(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)實施(shi)醫(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)（如航(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員的(de)選拔、訓練、醫(yi)(yi)監、醫(yi)(yi)保(bao)、航(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)食品）和航(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)基礎醫(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)（如失(shi)重(zhong)生(sheng)理效(xiao)應(ying)及其對(dui)抗措施(shi)及航(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)環境醫(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)）。航(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)醫(yi)(yi)學(xue)(xue)研究的(de)目的(de)是保(bao)證航(hang)(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員安全(quan)、健康(kang)和高(gao)效(xiao)的(de)工作能力。

       我國在啟動載人(ren)航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)工(gong)程(cheng)后(hou)，十分重視(shi)航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)的(de)醫(yi)監醫(yi)保(bao)工(gong)作。2005年10月(yue)，中(zhong)國航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)科研(yan)(yan)訓練(lian)中(zhong)心(xin)（簡稱(cheng)“中(zhong)國航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)中(zhong)心(xin)”）正式成(cheng)立(li)，它(ta)的(de)前身是培養(yang)了中(zhong)國第一(yi)批航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)的(de)中(zhong)國航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)工(gong)程(cheng)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)所。中(zhong)國航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)科研(yan)(yan)訓練(lian)中(zhong)心(xin)承(cheng)擔著載人(ren)航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)工(gong)程(cheng)中(zhong)航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)系統(tong)和飛船(chuan)環境控制與生(sheng)命保(bao)障(zhang)系統(tong)的(de)任務。航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)系統(tong)又包括航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)員(yuan)選拔(ba)訓練(lian)，航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)器(qi)醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)、工(gong)效學(xue)(xue)評(ping)價(jia)，航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)生(sheng)理研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)與防護，航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)食品和航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)服研(yan)(yan)制，航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)醫(yi)用電子產品及訓練(lian)設施(shi)的(de)研(yan)(yan)制，航(hang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)醫(yi)學(xue)(xue)監督等任務。

航天食品

       航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)，是航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天員在航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天飛行期(qi)間所食(shi)用的特(te)殊食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)，具(ju)有(you)安全(quan)可靠、高(gao)效(xiao)能(neng)、營養平衡(heng)和(he)食(shi)用方便的特(te)點。它不(bu)僅可滿足航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天環境下航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天員的特(te)殊營養需求，同時還(huan)具(ju)有(you)高(gao)效(xiao)吸(xi)收、高(gao)能(neng)量密度、輔(fu)助對抗失(shi)重(zhong)和(he)空間輻射等(deng)特(te)殊環境對人(ren)體(ti)產生不(bu)良影響的功能(neng)特(te)性。航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)由熱穩定食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)、凍干食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)、復水(shui)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)、功能(neng)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)、航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天活性水(shui)和(he)功能(neng)飲料等(deng)多(duo)種類型組成，為我國載人(ren)航(hang)(hang)(hang)(hang)天飛行任務的圓滿完成提供了重(zhong)要保障。